If a USB drive is used to boot ESXi, this USB drive cannot be attached to a VM.A USB drive cannot be used as a boot drive for a VM.There are some limitations you should know about before starting to use the USB passthrough feature: USB 3.1 devices are supported on their maximum speed since VMware vSphere 7.0 Limitations for USB Passthrough OS requirements to use USB 3.0 passthrough are: Windows 8.1 or higher, Windows Server 2012 R2 or higher, or Linux with Linux kernel 2.6.35 or higher. The xHCI USB controller is required in VM configuration for this purpose. USB 3.0 is available for ESXi servers starting from VMware vSphere 5.5 patch 3. USB 3.0 ( xHCI) VM hardware version 8 or higherĪfter connecting a physical USB device to a virtual machine by using the VMware USB passthrough feature, you may need to install drivers for the connected USB device in a guest operating system.Maximum 20 USB devices can be connected to a single VM or ESXi host. VMware USB driver is installed in a guest OS after adding a virtual USB controller to VM configuration.Ī physical USB device is any USB device that has a USB interface and USB port for being connected to a computer. If you need to remove a virtual USB controller from a VM configuration, you have to remove all USB devices connected to that controller first. A maximum of eight virtual USB controllers can be connected to a VM on an ESXi host. Presence of a virtual USB controller in VM configuration is required to use the USB passthrough feature on the VM. A virtual USB controller interacts with a physical USB controller when you passthrough a physical USB device from a physical ESXi server to a guest OS on the VM. The onboard USB controller is physically connected by the appropriate number of PCIe lanes to a chipset on a motherboard.Ī virtual USB controller is an emulated device created especially for a virtual machine running on a hypervisor. The onboard USB controller acts as a bridge between a USB bus and a PCIe (or PCI) bus. USB controllers can be onboard (they are also called integrated and are built-in on a chip in a motherboard) or external (implemented as PCI or PCIe cards that are inserted into the appropriate slots on a motherboard of a server). The physical USB controller works with physical USB devices inserted into the physical USB ports of the server. The Arbitrator service is enabled on ESXi by default.Ī USB controller used on a physical ESXi server is the controller to which physical USB ports are connected. The USB arbitrator supports up to 15 USB controllers (vSphere 7.0). Access to the USB device connected to one VM is blocked for other VMs. Only one VM can access the USB device at a time. The arbitrator scans physical USB devices attached to the physical server and is responsible for USB device traffic routing between a physical host and a virtual machine. The arbitrator is a dedicated service on an ESXi server. There are three main components required for USB passthrough functioning: the arbitrator, USB controller, and physical USB device. It may happen that users need to use software that is protected by hardware USB license keys on virtual machines. Another use case of this feature is when you need to copy files from/to a USB hard disk drive to/from a virtual machine directly with high speed. You can install the old Windows version supported by the USB device and connect this device to a virtual machine. For example, you have an old scanner or printer that doesn’t have drivers for the latest Windows OS versions. Reasons vary for using passthrough for a USB device from the ESXi server to a guest operating system (OS) of a virtual machine. VMware passthrough is a feature available starting with ESXi 4.1. VMware USB device passthrough is a feature that allows you to connect a physical USB device attached to a USB port of a physical ESXi server to a virtual machine as if the USB device was connected to a virtual machine directly. DISCOVER SOLUTION What Is USB Passthrough?
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